Suzuki JV all set to invest ₹ 3,715 crore in Li-ion battery venture
In a move to inch closer to developing its first lithium-ion battery manufacturing plant for EVs in India, Japan’s Suzuki JV invested INR 3,715 crore in the second phase of their battery venture in Gujarat.
As per reports, Japan’s Suzuki Motor Corp. (SMC), Toshiba Corp., and Denso Corp. will jointly invest a sum of INR 3,715 crore. This investment is a part of the larger plan announced by Suzuki last October to invest INR 5,000 crore to build India’s first Li-ion battery manufacturing plant over a period of five years from 2021 -25.
The joint venture, Automotive Electronics Power Pvt Ltd (AEPPL) is currently building the first phase at INR 1,214 crore, and as per reports, the first phase will start production by end of 2020.
AEPPL aims to locally manufacture 30 million lithium-ion cells annually with a production capacity of more than 1GWh.
Suzuki Motorcycle India Pvt. Ltd, SMC’s two-wheeler arm, is already developing a prototype electric scooter for the Indian market and intends to test the vehicle sometime this year.
In addition to AEPPL, other domestic carmakers in India like Mahindra Ltd (M&M) and Tata Motors Ltd (TML) have also teamed up with international players for developing the manufacturing ecosystem for EVs in India. M&M has teamed up with Korea’s LG Chem to develop high energy density lithium-ion cells for local applications and is setting up a plant at Chakan, Pune. Tata Motors is collaborating with group companies including Tata Chemicals Ltd to develop its own lithium-ion technology. TCS Ltd, Tata Power Ltd, and Tata AutoComp Systems Pvt. Ltd is all participating in this initiative.
Delta Electronics India launches E-Mobility Tech Experience Center
Delta Electronics India on Thursday launched a state-of-the-art E-Mobility Tech Experience Center for establishing a strong electric vehicle charging infrastructure in India.
Through the E-Mobility Tech Experience Center, the company hopes to provide an industry platform that will support all types of ratings and configurations and promote a deeper understanding of the ecosystem of EV charging solutions.
“Delta is powering green mobility and over the last four years, the company has carved a niche for itself in EV charging solutions by providing competent solutions viz-a-viz international standards. This E-Mobility Tech Experience Center will reinstate our endeavor to provide innovative, clean and energy-efficient solutions for a better tomorrow,” said Niranjan S Nayak, Business Head, Delta Electronics India.
The company also introduced its next-generation charging solutions such as DC City Charger and AC Max which will cater to the need of efficient public charging infrastructure.
“Our E-Mobility Tech Experience Center is designed to come up with a vehicle to grid solutions in India,” said Akshay Barbuddhe, Business Head, EV Charging Solutions, Delta Electronics India. “We are confident of having an enhanced charging infrastructure offering for our valued customers. Very soon, the possibility of adding renewable energy to EV charging solutions will be a reality. We will be working on a robust scalable roadmap, with a vision to deliver on future-ready, efficient and pioneering product & technology-related answers to ecosystem needs.”
Tata Motors ties-up with Lithium Urban Technologies to enter EV market in India
Tata Motors on Monday signed a contract with Lithium Urban Technologies for co-development and supply of 500 electric vehicles in India.
As the first milestone, Tata Motors and Lithium have signed a contract for 400 newly launched Tigor Sedan EV, with an extended range of 213 km, to be supplied by FY20 and deployed across India held the official statement by Tata Motors. This partnership plans to additionally induct 100 electric vehicles, which would include cars to be launched in the near future, like Nexon EV for corporate leadership transport services.
“This is not just the most significant milestone for Tata Motors’ E-Mobility Business, but also a big turning point in the EV market, which is now likely to see fleets electrify faster than ever before,” said Shailesh Chandra, President of E-mobility Business and Corporate Strategy at Tata Motors. “We are delighted to enter this partnership with Lithium, who are on their pragmatic journey of expanding their zero-emission transport service rapidly,” Chandra added.
The new Tigor E-sedan with an extended range of 213 km is certified by ARAI and is available for both, fleet and personal segment customers. The vehicle qualifies for FAME II incentives too and eligible commercial customers can avail of these benefits.
“This partnership with Tata Motors will ensure availability of new form factors and enable the viability of new market segments across passenger, mass transit, and freight,” said Sanjay Krishnan, Founder of Lithium Urban Technologies. “Lithium would move quickly to integrate the company's paradigm-shifting LUTEC (LithiumUrbanTec) EV mobility utilization software with the new vehicles,” he added.
New testing facilities opened at ICAT for hybrid vehicles
Minister of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises, Arvind Ganpat Sawant inaugurated a new testing and development facility at International Centre for Automotive Technology (ICAT) at Manesar, Haryana.
Along with the inauguration of the new testing facility, a technology appreciation drive was also organized to showcase the technical advantage of hybrid vehicles as compared to conventional fuel vehicles.
India should focus on the local requirements of the customers and industry while developing a policy framework for India said minister Arvind Sawant. The solutions which are relevant to other countries may not be relevant in the Indian context on the as-is-where-is basis he added.
Sawant further emphasized the need to take into consideration the Indian industry and ancillary industry before undertaking new technological advancements.
Speaking about E-waste management, the minister cautioned that the management of E-waste is becoming a matter of grave concern and needs to be addressed. He further stressed that the import of Lithium should not replace the import of crude as we migrate towards e-vehicles.
At the inauguration, ICAT members presented the outcome of the technical assessments carried out on various xEVs, the details of these with the econometric models will be showcased at the NuGen Mobility Summit 2019.
In a run-up to NuGen Mobility Summit, a technology appreciation workshop was held for government agencies like the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, State governments, BEE and RTOs on November 8, at ICAT Manesar in the presence of minister Arvind Sawant. Along with the workshop, ICAT – Centre 2 facilities and seminar center (Test track and Administrative and Auditorium Block) located at IMT Manesar was inaugurated by Mr. Sawant in the presence of ICAT Director, Dinesh Tyagi.
AEPPL signs Rs 4930-crore MoU for Li-ion battery plant in Gujarat
Japanese joint venture Automotive Electronics Power Private Limited (AEPPL) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the state government of Gujarat for Rs 4,930-crore expansion investment in its upcoming Lithium-ion battery production plant at Hansalpur in Ahmedabad district.
As per the MoU, AEPPL—a joint venture between Japanese majors Toshiba, Denso, and Suzuki—will make an investment in two phases. In the first phase, it will invest Rs 1250 crore in the setup for Lithium battery pack and module manufacturing, which is slated to be ready by the end of the year 2020.
The second phase will involve an investment of Rs 3,715 crore. Eventually, the aim is to produce 30 million cells annually by the year 2025.
The plant in Gujarat will manufacture and supply Lithium-ion batteries to Maruti Suzuki and Suzuki Motor Gujarat. The joint venture—combining Toshiba’s cell technology and Denso’s module technology—has the equity stake split between Suzuki (50%), Toshiba (40%) and Denso (10%).
The foundation stone for the plant was laid in September 2017, jointly by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.
In another major development for the state, earlier this year Tata Chemicals—part of the over US$ 100 billion Tata Group—committed an investment of Rs 4,000 crore to set up a 10 GW lithium-ion battery plant in Dholera Special Investment Region (DSIR) of Gujarat.
Speaking about the investment, Jai Prakash Shivahare, managing director, Dholera Industrial City Development Limited (DICDL) told pv magazine: “The company [Tata Chemicals] will set up 1.7 GW capacity in the first phase at an investment of Rs 750-1000 crore and then scale it to 10 GW as demand rises.”
“As the government is coming up with new incentives, they [Tata Chemicals] may scale up the capacity very quickly,” the IAS officer added.
Notably, known for the ambitious solar park, the Dholera SIR is also going to host Li-ion batteries manufacturing clusters.
“We are developing Li-ion battery manufacturing cluster in Dholera SIR,” Shivahare confirmed to pv magazine while adding that Tata Chemicals has already been allotted 126 acres land in DSIR to set up Li-ion battery manufacturing business.
Nobel Chemistry Prize 2019 Awarded to Inventors of Lithium-Ion
American Goodenough, at 97, becomes the oldest winner of a Nobel prize. He shared the award likewise with Whittingham from Britain and Yoshino of Japan.
"This rechargeable battery laid the foundation of wireless electronics such as mobile phones and laptops," the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said in a statement on awarding the 9 million Swedish crown ($906,000) prize. "It also makes a fossil-fuel-free world possible, as it is used for everything from powering electric cars to storing energy from renewable sources.
Whittingham developed the first functional lithium battery in the early 1970s. Goodenough doubled the battery's potential in the following decade and Yoshino eliminated pure lithium from the battery, making it much safer to use.
Africa’s ‘largest off-grid solar hybrid’ goes online at Nigerian University BUK
The latest project to be switched on in Nigeria’s solar electrification programme for universities is also thought to be the largest ‘hybrid’ plant of its kind on the African continent so far, inaugurated this week at Bayero University Kano (BUK).
Energy-Storage.news reported towards the beginning of August as the first megawatt-scale hybrid project went into action at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo (FUNAI), Ebonyi State. Nigerian vice president Yemi Osinbajo attended that ceremony, heralding the launch of the wider Energizing Education Programme (EEP), being delivered through the country’s Rural Electrification Agency (REA). Osinbajo said then that the programme would result in the decommissioning of "hundreds" of fossil fuel generators.
In total, 37 universities and seven teaching hospitals will benefit. In addition, the programme includes other initiatives such as encouraging young women into STEM education and jobs, while the latest project at BUK also includes the further benefit of powering hundreds of local street lights.
Phase 1 of EEP, funded by the Nigerian government, will help nine universities and a teaching hospital. Phases 2 and 3 are set to be funded by the World Bank and the African Development Bank respectively.
A factsheet produced by the REA in July says the project at BUK totals 7.1MW capacity, combining 3.5MWp of solar PV generation from 10,680 solar panels, 2.4MW of backup generators and 8.1MWh of battery energy storage.
As with the project at FUNAI, the reduction of use in petrol and diesel generators will be significant at the site. METKA said the project has used modular off-grid system technology from global power electronics and energy conversion specialist Exeron.
Contractor Metka emailed Energy-Storage.news to report from the BUK project’s commissioning, with METKA Power West Africa president Evangelos Kamaris stating that the company “believes strongly in Nigeria and the vision of its leadership in the power sector,” praising efforts of President Muhammadu Buhari.
VP Yemi Osinbajo was again in attendance at the launch, commending METKA for its work, restating the aims of the EEP and noting its positive impact on education for young women and in providing direct job opportunities.
Meanwhile, REA managing director Damilola Ogunbiyi said that the BUK project is Africa’s largest off-grid solar hybrid power plant and “one we, as Nigerians, should be very proud of,” adding that more than 55,000 students and 3,000+ staff at the university will benefit, while 2,850 streetlights can be powered by the solar-plus-storage solution too.
Emerging Technology News commemorates World Energy Storage Day (WESD) by announcing the list of 50 Global visionaries and 12 Emerging stars
India, 16th September 2021: Emerging Technology News (ETN), a leading publication on energy storage and emerging technologies unveiled the list of 50 global visionaries and 12 Emerging stars who have been working ceaselessly to further the cause of green energy and clean transportation. Like last year, ETN released the World Energy Storage Day (September 22) special issue dedicated to the pioneers and promoters of energy storage globally, who have spent years developing technologies that have enhanced quality of life and developed breakthroughs in technologies. The list has been selected based on ETN readers’ inputs and the recommendations of editorial board.
‘ETN 50 Luminaries’ convention – a precursor to the WESD 2021 global virtual conference was held on Sept. 15, 2021. The dignitaries present at the convention were Babu Chalamala, Department of Energy Storage Technology and Systems, Sandia National Laboratories; Arumugam Manthiram, American Material scientist, Professor, University of Texas, Austin; Dr. Imre Gyuk, Director of Energy Storage Research, U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Electricity; James (Jim) Greenberger, Executive Director and Founder, National Alliance for Advanced Technology Batteries (NAATBatt); Dr. William P. Acker, Executive Director, New York Battery and Energy Storage Technology Consortium (NY-BEST); Dr Rahul Walawalkar, President, India Energy Storage Alliance (IESA); Rakesh Malhotra, Founded LivGuard Energy Technologies and Mike Gravely, Team Lead and Senior Electrical Engineer for the Energy Systems Research Office, California Energy Commission
This is also an endeavour to present a worldview of the efforts and progress being made in the energy storage arena, through innovative products, services, ideas, and even fruitful collaborations. Energy storage in the linchpin technology that enables to integrate more renewables into the grid and powers the global transition to electric vehicles thereby helping reduce harmful carbon emissions, pollution, and dependency on fossil fuels.
The 50 global visionaries list includes 50 Leaders, 11 Researchers, 18 Business leaders in energy storage, 9 Business leaders in e-Mobility, 7 Industry enablers/associations and 5 Policymakers and implementors. The notable visionaries are:
• Akira Yoshino, Fellow- Asahi Kasei and President- Lithium-ion Battery Technology and Evaluation Center (LIBTEC)
• Donald Sadoway, Scientist & Professor, John. F. Elliott Professor of Materials Chemistry in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, MIT
• Arumugam Manthiram, Director of the Texas Materials Institute and the Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program
• Bill Gates, Founder, Breakthrough Energy Ventures
• Bill Gross, Founder, Idealab
• Carla Peterman, Executive VP - Corporate Affairs, Pacific Gas and Electric Company
• Dale Hill, Founder, Proterra
• Manuel Francisco Pérez Dubuc, CEO, Fluence
• Daryl Wilson, Executive Director, Hydrogen Council
• Elon Musk, CEO, Tesla
• Gautam Chatterjee, Whole-time advisor, and Former CEO, Exide Industries Ltd
• Graham Cooley, CEO, ITM Power
• Hak Cheol Shin, Director/CEO, LG Chem
• Chetan Maini, Co-founder & Vice Chairman, SUN Mobility
• Horace Luke, Chairman and CEO, Gogoro
• Dr Imre Gyuk, Director of Energy Storage Research, DOE US
• James L. Robo, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, NextEra Energy
• Janice Lin, Founder and President, Green Hydrogen Coalition; Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Strategen
• Jeff Dahn, Industrial Research Chair NSERC/Tesla Canada Inc, NSERC/Tesla Canada Inc. + Dalhousie University
• Jeffrey B Straubel, Founder, Redwood Materials
• John B. Goodenough, Professor, University of Texas
• Kelly Speakes-Backman, Acting Asst Secretary and Principal Deputy Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy at the U.S. Department of Energy
• Maria Skyllas Kazacos, Researcher and Emeritus professor, School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Australia
• Mateo Jaramillo, Cofounder & CEO, Form Energy
• Pasquale Romano, CEO, ChargePoint Inc
• Patrick Clerens, Secretary General, European Association for Storage of Energy (EASE)
• Rachid Yazami, Professor, National Academy of Engineering, Washigton D.C
• Dr Rahul Walawalkar, President, Customized Energy Solutions India & India Energy Storage Alliance
• Rakesh Malhotra, Founder, LivGuard Energy Technologies
• V. Samudrala, President (New Energy, Amaraja Batteries), Amara Raja Batteries Ltd
• Randall MacEwen, President and Chief Executive Officer, Ballard Power Systems
• Stanley Whitingham, Professor of Chemistry, Binghamton University, New York, USA
• Takeshi Uchiyamada, Chairman, Toyota
• Urban Windelen, MD, BVES (German Energy Storage Systems Association)
• Vinod Khosla, Founder, Khosla Ventures
• Wang Chuanfu, Founder and Chairman, BYD
• William Li Nio, Founder & CEO, Nio
• Yet-Ming Chiang, Co-Founder & Chief Scientist, Form Energy
• James (Jim) Greenberger, Executive Director and Founder, NAATBatt International
• Babu Chalamala, Head - ES Technology and Systems Department, Sandia National Laboratories
• Mike Gravely, Deputy Division Chief of the Energy Research and Development Division, California Energy Commission
• William P. Acker, Executive Director, New York Battery, and Energy Storage Technology Consortium (NY-BEST)
• Venkat Srinivasan, Director, Argonne Collaborative Center for Energy Storage Science (ACCESS), Argonne National Lab
• John Jung, President & CEO, Greensmith Energy Management Systems
• Chris Shelton, Senior Vice President, Chief Product Officer and President, AES Next
• Ghislin Lescuyer, CEO, Saft
• Robert Galeyn, CEO & President - Highview Power and Board Member - U.S. Energy Storage Association (ESA), Highview Power (CEO) Board of Directors of the U.S. Energy Storage Association (ESA)
• Zeng Yuqun, Founder & Chairman, Contemporary Amperex Technology (CATL)
• Amitabh Kant, CEO, Niti Aayog
• Thomas Schmall, CEO, Volkswagen Group Components
The emerging stars of energy storage list includes 4 Researchers, 5 Business leaders in energy storage, 2 Business leaders in e-mobility and 1 Policy/industry enable. The emerging stars are:
• Lars Carlstrom, Founder, Italvolt
• Kristin Persson, Scientist/ Researcher, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab and DOE’s JCESR
• Jessica Lin, Group Product Manager of Data engineering, Oracle Utilities
• Ramya Swaminathan, CEO, Malta
• Yen T. Yeh, Founder, Battery Brunch
• Naoki Ota, President & CEO, 24M
• Yi Cui, Director, Precourt Institute for Energy, Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, Senior Fellow at the Woods Institute for the Environment and Professor, by courtesy, of Chemistry
• Venkat Viswanathan, Associate Professor- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University
• Eric Hsieh, Director for Grid Systems and Components, DOE
• Shirley Meng, Professor, University of California San Diego
• Dr Vincent Sprenkle, Senior Technical Advisor, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
• Tristan Grimbert, President and CEO, EDF Renewable Energy
World Energy Storage Day (WESD) virtual Global Conference & Expo is organized to commemorate the 5th WESD to foster a global ecosystem for the promotion of energy storage and emerging technologies. The 24-hour marathon event will be held on September 22, 2021, covering four global regions (encompassing Asia Pacific, India – Russia, Europe - the Middle East & Africa, and North & South America) with sessions on stationary energy storage, e-mobility, and charging infrastructure, manufacturing, innovation, R&D and green hydrogen. The event is expected to attract global participation from over 100 countries with an intent to facilitate bilateral trade, market development, and new research and innovation with the participation of regulators, policymakers, and international speakers. The conference will also have nine parallel workshops organized by various partners.
The event will have four conference tracks each of eight hours that will be available to the participants in different languages namely English, Chinese, Japanese, German, Korean, Spanish, Hindi, and French. Leading organizations, Government bodies, National Labs, and Associations across the globe will be presenting their country’s contribution in the sector and will deliberate on the latest trends.
Dr. Rahul Walawalkar appointed to CERC's Central Advisory Committee
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Dr Rahul Walawalkar, President, IESA appointed as one of the members of the Central Advisory Committee by Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC)
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IESA’s aim is to make India a global hub for research, manufacturing, and adoption of advanced energy storage and e-mobility technologies by 2022.
- Give suggestions towards necessary amendments in the current CERC regulations and guidelines and including suitable clauses related to storage and EV part of Indian regulations.
- Lend necessary support in calculating/arriving tariff parameters for storage projects (Independent Grid Asset Standalone Project/ RE Hybrid Project)
- Detailed work on CERC regulations wherein storage clauses can be defined/included.
- Necessary provisions in creating a market for storage as part of ancillary services which has been long pending and needs immediate action. Suitable changes in current regulations. Lend support in evaluating the techno-commercial viability of flexible operation of a thermal generation fleet against the investments in energy storage solutions to deliver similar services.
- Advocacy towards the need for setting up energy storage targets in India. Previous experience in India has shown that government target setting, and economic liberalization can lead to rapid growth in a market, as was the case with the uptake of RLED and mobile telephone technology.
- Separate tariff for renewable energy with storage assets as these hybrid assets could also be used to provide a firm and dispatchable renewable power and serve the peak load demand. (Unfortunately, a few announcements of such hybrid projects have not resulted in any deployment).
- Evaluate the use of energy storage for deferring upgrade of transmission assets to reduce renewable generation curtailment or meeting load growth.
- Formulate a regulatory framework to monetize the value of firming/smoothing of solar power, ramp rate control, peak shifting, demand response, etc.
- Suitable amendments to encourage RE+ storage supported EV charging stations. Special Tariff category for such units/projects.
Former Minister Suresh Prabhu emphasizes India’s ambitious renewable generation target at the ongoing India Energy Storage Week
Shri Indu Shekhar Chaturvedi, Secretary, The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, added - "The renewable energy sector is quite fragmented. It involves numerous sectors within itself. We are moving towards a major share of RE in the electricity mix and will only accelerate further. The government is working on giving the boost with the various programs as far as R&D is concerned. Energy storage is critical for the development of RE. Our electricity system as a whole has the ability to accommodate a larger amount of RE. This accommodation is cheaper than a more dispatchable power distribution. India Energy Storage Week will be incredibly valuable in answering this burning question as well as addressing some key issues.”
Talking about the broad overview of the government's National Mission for Transformative Mobility & Battery Storage, Aman Hans, Public Private Partnership Specialist, Consultant, NITI Aayog, stated, “I am sure everyone has been hearing a lot about the national programme of battery storage which NITI Aayog has been spearheading for quite some time now. Because of the unforeseen developments over the years, there has surely been a delay, but I would like to reassure the markets and all the stakeholders that things are very much on track. Not just the battery storage, the government is now charting out an umbrella program to give a thrust to a lot of manufacturing sectors. We have seen huge success with the mobile manufacturing program launched under ‘Make in India’, attracting global giants to manufacture and invest in India. We now aim to replicate the success in the Battery storage segment.”
“In India, nobody currently has the experience of manufacturing Advanced Chemistry Cell (ACC). We are therefore promoting investments into the gigafactories with a prospective approach rather than a retrospective one.” he further added.
Mr Debi Prasad Dash, Executive Director, India Energy Storage Alliance (IESA), emphasized the requirement of indigenous manufacturing of components & advanced battery cells and requested the government to bring appropriate policy for advanced energy storage manufacturing and demand-side incentives. “This is also an appropriate time for the government to focus on the safety and standards of advanced energy storage technologies and create a suitable framework for recycling and batteries' second life. With the rise in renewables, grid complexity, development of rural & urban Microgrids, adoption of electric mobility: the Indian energy storage sector need to focus on the following three aspects, Skill development & capacity building in energy storage & EV technologies, R&D - innovation on advanced energy storage & EV technologies and policy consistency by state and central government. This is a unique opportunity for Indian conglomerates and MSMEs and start-ups to showcase their innovation & engineering capabilities in this sunrise energy storage and electric mobility sector. India Energy Storage Week (IESW) is becoming an annual thought-exchange, networking, and business platform for global industry leaders, policymakers, researchers and business professionals.”, he said.
Dr. Rahul Walawalkar, President & MD, Customized Energy Solutions (CES) India, stated, “The policy framework has evolved quite a lot in the last five years, the technology price curve has been amazing but we cannot be waiting for the manufacturing cost to come down and keep on delaying the process. We are almost on the verge of missing out this opportunity for manufacturing while we are debating on finer nuances of policy framework. Many of the investments that should have come to India in the past 12 months have already been committed to Europe as both the government and auto industry have come together. I really hope NITI Aayog will get the final nod from the cabinet for the giga factory mission this month and when we start 2021, we will be discussing how we will be implementing the mission rather than when it will be launched.”
With an intent to facilitate international trade, IESA’s annual conference is seeing global partnerships from 20+ countries, 50+ regulators & policy makers, 300+ industry leaders, 50+ partners & exhibitors, and 2000+ delegates. The conference is a dedicated effort towards bringing the key stakeholders together to make India a global hub for R&D and manufacturing. The vision is backed by eminent dignitaries from NITI Aayog, Department of Science & Technology (DST), The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) and many more.
India Energy Storage Week (IESW) is a flagship international conference & expo by India Energy Storage Alliance (IESA), being held from 2nd – 6th November Virtual Conference and Exhibition. It is India’s premier B2B networking & business event focused on renewable energy, advanced batteries, alternate energy storage solutions, electric vehicles, charging infrastructure and micro grids ecosystem.
